hiking safety - RVing with Rex

UNWRITTEN Rules of Hiking Etiquette

Who has the right of way when hiking? I discuss that rule and more hiking etiquette that every hiker should know.

Hiking is a shared experience that thrives on mutual respect for nature and fellow hikers. While trail signs and park rules provide guidance, many unwritten rules govern hiker behavior to ensure safety, enjoyment, and environmental preservation.

Hiking is a great way to enjoy the great outdoors, connect with nature, and get some fresh air. But just like any other activity, there are certain rules and etiquette that hikers should follow.

In this article, I discuss the important UNWRITTEN Rules of Hiking Etiquette that every hiker should be aware of and adhere to.

Since different trails may have different rules, be sure to always follow the posted rules at the trail head.

Hiking in Snow Canyon State Park, Utah © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rule #1: Leave No Trace

Pack out all trash: This includes food scraps, wrappers, and biodegradable items like apple cores which can attract animals or take years to decompose.
Don’t pick plants or disturb wildlife: Leave natural features like rocks, flowers, or artifacts untouched.
Use designated restrooms or follow proper waste disposal: If no facilities are available, bury human waste at least 6–8 inches deep and 200 feet from water sources.

This is one of the most important hiking etiquette rules. Leave No Trace is a concept that involves seven principles to live by when spending time outdoors.

The core principle is as the name indicates to leave everything as you found it (or better). Don’t take anything with you and don’t leave anything behind. The general rule is to pack it in, pack it out. The goal is to leave the trail the way you found it!

You can find an elaborate overview of all seven Leave No Trace principles here.

Rule #2: Hike on the right, pass on the left

Hike on the right: Stay on the right side of the trail to allow oncoming hikers to pass easily.
Pass on the left: When overtaking a slower hiker, move to their left side to pass.
Signal your intention: Politely say “passing on your left” to alert the hiker ahead.
Ensure safe passing: Check for enough space and visibility before overtaking.
Respect others’ pace: Maintain the flow of the trail without rushing or crowding others.

In many ways, trails are very similar to roads. On wider trails, the general rule is to hike on the right and to pass or let people pass on the left.

If you’re hiking faster than a person in front of you and would like to pass, a friendly “on your left!” lets them know you’re about to pass.

This practice minimizes confusion, prevents collisions, and respects the pace of all trail users fostering a courteous and organized hiking experience.

Hiking Catalina State Park, Arizona © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rule #3: Trail etiquette right of way

Uphill hikers have priority: Hikers going uphill are working harder so downhill hikers should step aside to let them pass.
Step aside for faster hikers: If someone behind you is moving faster, find a safe spot to let them overtake.
Groups yield to individuals: Larger groups should make way for solo hikers or smaller groups to maintain trail flow.
Be mindful of equestrians or cyclists: If a trail allows horses or bikes, hikers should yield by stepping off the trail on the downhill side, staying calm and visible.

Who has the right of way on a hill? The UNWRITTEN right of way rule is that people hiking downhill should yield to uphill traffic as they are working harder to climb the trail. On that same note, slower hikers should yield to faster hikers.

Although this is not an official regulation, it’s common courtesy to step aside if you meet hikers coming uphill. It’s the polite thing to do.

Additionally, when hiking in large groups, it’s best to hike in single file to allow other trail users to pass. Even smaller groups should adhere by this practice.

Rule #4: Trail user hierarchy

Equestrians: Horses have priority due to their size, unpredictability, and difficulty maneuvering. Hikers and cyclists should yield by stepping off the trail preferably on the downhill side staying calm and visible to avoid spooking the animal.
Hikers going uphill: Uphill hikers get precedence over downhill hikers as they’re exerting more effort and maintaining momentum is harder. Downhill hikers should step aside to let them pass.
Hikers (general): Hikers typically yield to equestrians but have priority over cyclists on most trails as they’re slower and more vulnerable.
Cyclists: Bikers yield to both equestrians and hikers as bikes are faster and more maneuverable. Cyclists should slow down, announce their presence, and pass cautiously.
Groups yield to individuals: Larger hiking groups should step aside for solo hikers or smaller groups to avoid clogging the trail.
Faster hikers: Slower hikers should yield to faster hikers by stepping aside at a safe spot allowing smoother passage.

Some trails are open to other recreationists besides hikers. If you’re using a multi-use trail familiarize yourself with the trail hierarchy. Trail etiquette rules say that cyclists yield to hikers, horses, and other pack animals; and hikers yield to horses and pack animals.

The trail right of way hierarchy is as follows:

Horses and pack animals have the right of way over…
Hikers have the right of way over…
Cyclists

Sharing a trail with horses at Dead Horse Ranch State Park, Arizona © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rule #5: Stay on the trail

Avoid cutting switchbacks: This prevents trail erosion and protects fragile ecosystems.
Stick to marked paths: Wandering off-trail can damage vegetation, disturb wildlife, and increase the risk of getting lost.

One of the most important rules of hiking etiquette is to stay on designated trails. Straying off-trail can damage plant life, disturb wildlife habitats, and cause erosion. Not to mention it can get you lost, injured, or even killed.

Many hiking trails have clear markers such as signs, blazes, or cairns to help guide hikers on the right path. It’s essential to pay attention to these markers and stick to the established hiking trail to minimize your impact on the surrounding environment.

Since trail blazes and rock cairns are often used to mark trails, it’s imperative that you don’t make any of your own! That includes stacking rocks or leaving painted rocks on the trail.

Leaving your own marks or building rock structures on the trail puts other hikers in danger. Read What NOT TO DO in National Parks.

Rule #6: Keep your distance from wildlife

Maintain a safe distance: Stay at least 100 yards from large wildlife like bears or moose and 25 yards from smaller animals like deer or birds as recommended by the National Park Service.
Observe without disturbing: Use binoculars or zoom lenses to view wildlife instead of approaching them.
Avoid feeding animals: Do not offer food as it can alter their behavior, harm their health, and increase risks to hikers.
Respect habitats: Stick to trails to avoid trampling nesting areas or sensitive environments where wildlife reside.
Stay calm and quiet: Avoid sudden movements or loud noises that could startle animals and back away slowly if they seem agitated.

Encountering wildlife is one of the joys of hiking but it’s important to remember that these animals are wild and should be respected from a safe distance. When encountering wildlife, it’s best to observe from a distance. Do not approach or feed them.

If you spot a bear or mountain lion, maintain a calm demeanor, make yourself look larger, and slowly back away. It’s important never to run or make sudden movements that may provoke the animal.

Here are some additional resources to help prepare you for animal encounters:

Hiking Rockin’ River State Park, Arizona © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rule #7: Be friendly but respectful

Offer a greeting: A simple nod, smile, or “hi” fosters a sense of community, especially on remote trails.
Respect others’ space: Some hikers prefer solitude so avoid intrusive questions or prolonged conversations unless invited.
Keep pets under control: Dogs should be leashed (if required) and well-behaved. Always clean up after them.

When you come across other hikers on the trail, greet them with a simple “hi!” or “how’s it going?” This creates a network of positivity along the trail, an enjoyable atmosphere that makes everyone’s hiking experience just that tiny bit better.

Rule #8: Keep noise to a minimum

Respect the soundscape: Avoid loud conversations, music from speakers, or disruptive noises. Many hikers seek nature’s tranquility.
Use headphones if listening to music: Keep the volume low to stay aware of your surroundings.
Speak softly when passing others: A quiet greeting like “hello” or “on your left” is polite and sufficient.

Keeping noise to a minimum is a cornerstone of hiking etiquette that preserves the natural serenity of the trail for everyone. Hikers should avoid loud conversations, shouting, or playing music through speakers as these disrupt the peaceful experience many seek in nature. If listening to music, use headphones and keep the volume low to stay aware of your surroundings like approaching hikers or wildlife.

When passing others, a quiet greeting such as “hello” or “on your left” is polite and sufficient to signal your presence without breaking the tranquility. By maintaining a low noise profile, hikers show respect for fellow trail users and the wildlife that call these spaces home ensuring the trail remains a haven of calm and natural sounds.

Hiking Valley of Fire State Park, Nevada © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rule #9: Don’t stack rocks, don’t destroy cairns

Don’t stack rocks: Avoid creating new rock piles as they can mislead hikers, disrupt ecosystems, and alter the natural landscape.
Don’t destroy cairns: Leave existing trail cairns untouched as they serve as critical navigation markers for safe trail guidance.
Respect trail maintenance: Only official trail crews should modify or build cairns to ensure consistency and safety.
Preserve the environment: Moving rocks can harm microhabitats, disturb wildlife, or contribute to erosion.

When hiking, you may come across stacks of rock on or on the side of the trail. These are known as cairns. Sometimes, they’re put there by park management to mark the trail, often on rocky terrain that lacks other features. In bad weather, they can help hikers stay on trail. Don’t topple them over.

Often, however, they’re put there by other hikers. While it’s tempting to put another rock on top, don’t. Replacing rocks, however insignificant it might seem, does have an effect on the environment. Just leave rocks and stones be—it’s part of the Leave No Trace principles.

Rule #10: Be Prepared

Know your limits: Choose trails that match your fitness level, experience, and skills to avoid overexertion or accidents.
Carry essentials: Pack enough water, food, a first aid kit, a map, compass or GPS, and weather-appropriate clothing.
Bring communication tools: Carry a whistle, fully charged phone, or personal locator beacon for emergencies especially in remote areas.
Check trail conditions: Research weather, trail closures, or hazards before heading out to stay informed.
Share your plans: Inform someone of your hiking route, expected return time, and emergency contacts for safety. Being prepared is an important part of hiking etiquette.

You don’t want to be the guy asking other campers for help because you didn’t prepare. (Of course, you absolutely SHOULD ask for help if you need it BUT its best not to need it in the first place.)

Before heading out on a hike make sure to research the trail conditions and pack accordingly. Carry essential items such as water, wide-brimmed hat, snacks, appropriate footwear and clothing, navigation tools, a first aid kit, and any necessary medications.

You should always let someone know your hiking plans and when you expect to return especially if you are hiking alone. Leave your plan with a responsible family member or friend or with the local trail authority.

Hiking White Sands National Park, New Mexico © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rule #11: Prepare for emergencies

Know your limits: Choose trails that match your fitness and experience level to avoid needing assistance.
Carry communication tools: A whistle, satellite phone, or personal locator beacon can be vital in remote areas.
Help others if safe: Offer assistance to struggling hikers but prioritize your safety and don’t overextend your resources.

Preparing for emergencies is a critical aspect of hiking etiquette that ensures both personal safety and the well-being of others on the trail. Hikers should choose trails that align with their fitness and experience levels to minimize the risk of accidents or needing rescue. Carrying essentials like a first aid kit, sufficient water, a map, and a communication device—such as a whistle, satellite phone, or personal locator beacon—is vital, especially in remote areas where cell service may be unreliable.

In case of encountering a struggling hiker offering assistance is courteous but only if it’s safe and within your capabilities; overextending yourself can escalate the situation. By being well-prepared and vigilant, hikers contribute to a safer trail environment and reduce the burden on rescue services ensuring a more enjoyable experience for everyone.

Rule #12: Trail sharing and safety

Communicate your intentions: If passing or approaching, let others know your presence with a polite “passing on your right” or a friendly wave.
Don’t block the trail: If stopping for a break, photo, or chat, step off the trail to avoid obstructing others.
Be prepared and aware: Carry essentials (water, map, first aid) and stay alert to trail conditions, weather, and other hikers’ needs.

Trail sharing and safety are vital components of hiking etiquette that ensure a harmonious and secure experience for all users. Hikers should communicate their intentions clearly, using polite phrases like “passing on your right” or a friendly wave to signal their presence when approaching or overtaking others.

To avoid obstructing the trail, step off to the side when taking breaks, snapping photos, or engaging in conversations, allowing others to pass freely. Staying alert to trail conditions, weather changes, and the needs of fellow hikers—such as yielding to uphill travelers or equestrians—enhances safety and respect. By carrying essentials like water, a map, and a first aid kit, and being mindful of the trail user hierarchy, hikers contribute to a cooperative environment where everyone can enjoy the trail safely and courteously.

Hiking Badlands National Park, South Dakota © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rule #13: Respect trail culture

Follow local customs: Some trails have specific norms like signing a register or leaving a small token at a summit. Observe and respect these traditions.
Don’t alter the trail: Avoid moving rocks, building cairns, or creating new paths unless part of official trail maintenance.

Respecting trail culture is essential for honoring the unique traditions and unspoken norms that define each hiking community. Every trail may have its own customs such as signing a summit register, leaving a small token at a viewpoint, or following specific rituals passed down by local hikers. Observing and participating in these practices when appropriate fosters a sense of connection and shared stewardship among trail users.

Hikers should avoid altering the trail environment—such as building unauthorized cairns or moving natural features—as this can disrupt established customs and harm the ecosystem. By being attentive to local signage, engaging respectfully with fellow hikers, and researching trail-specific traditions beforehand hikers contribute to preserving the cultural heritage and communal spirit that make each trail special.

Hiking Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

More UNWRITTEN RULES

Now that I’ve covered basic hiking etiquette, I recommend checking out more unwritten rules RVers should know:

Worth Pondering…

We don’t stop hiking because we grow old—we grow old because we stop hiking

—Finis Mitchell

Grand Canyon National Park Warning All Visitors Need To Follow

Grand Canyon National Park has issued a serious warning to all visitors due to extreme heat conditions

Grand Canyon remains one of the busiest national parks attracting nearly 5 million visitors annually. With a busy summer ahead, the park has made several significant announcements including events in June and the major reopening of the North Rim as of May 15th.

Sadly, the National Park Service (NPS) also made an announcement related to a recent hiker’s death at Grand Canyon National Park. The fatality prompted a new warning from the NPS as conditions continued to heat up. The temperatures are only set to get warmer in the upcoming months hitting their hottest around July.

In an earlier incident, a 20-year old was found dead 1,000 feet below the South Rim of the Grand Canyon.

I’ll take a closer look at the details regarding the fatality and the key advisory made by the NPS. I’ll also unveil tips from the Grand Canyon Park rangers and how visitors can avoid similar complications by packing essential supplies and taking necessary precautions.

Grand Canyon National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Grand Canyon National Park advising visitors

Come prepared and avoid hiking in the inner canyon during the daytime in summer due to extreme heat

The Grand Canyon Regional Communications Center received a tragic report of an unresponsive hiker on the North Kaibab Trail. The 74-year-old hiker, Dennis Smith, was pronounced dead at the scene. He was on a rim-to-rim hike from the South Rim to the North Rim. The hiker’s death is currently under investigation.

In light of the fatality, Grand Canyon National Park is now cautioning visitors about the extreme heat conditions that occur during this time of year. The National Park Service urges visitors to come prepared for their hikes during these warmer temperatures.

“The NPS urges all visitors to Grand Canyon National Park particularly those planning to hike or backpack in the inner canyon to prepare for extreme heat in the coming days. Temperatures in the inner canyon are expected to reach 100°F by the end of this week making it critical for hikers to take proper precautions,” Grand Canyon National Park wrote in its Instagram advisory.

Park rangers have issued other advisories which include recommended hiking times and specific trails visitors should use during June’s extreme heat.

Note: July is considered the hottest month in the Grand Canyon and temperatures can reach over 120°F in the shade

General park safety: Navigating the rims and beyond

General safety involves careful attention to terrain, vehicle preparedness, and personal readiness

Understanding elevation effects and acclimatization

Reduced oxygen availability at high altitudes impacts the human body

The Grand Canyon’s elevation poses a significant physiological challenge. The South Rim averages 7,000 feet and the North Rim averages 8,000 feet above sea level. Arizona’s dry climate can affect visitors differently than their home environments particularly those arriving from lower elevations.

Common symptoms of altitude sickness such as headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath may manifest during the initial days of a visit. However, these symptoms can escalate to more severe, potentially life-threatening reactions including nausea, vomiting, inability to walk straight which necessitate immediate descent to lower elevation and prompt medical attention.

To mitigate these risks, visitors are strongly advised to take their time while visiting overlooks and engaging in any physical activity. It is recommended to allow a day or two for acclimatization at the rim before attempting strenuous hikes into the canyon.

Walking at these elevations can be particularly strenuous especially for individuals with pre-existing respiratory or heart problems who may experience difficulties. The Grand Canyon’s altitude is a significant and often underestimated hazard that demands specific physiological adaptation and careful planning.

Sun exposure, dehydration, and strategic hydration

UV radiation increases approximately 6-12 percent for every 1,000 feet of elevation gained

The Grand Canyon is predominantly a semi-arid desert environment. To reduce the risk of sunburn, dehydration, nausea, shortness of breath, and exhaustion, visitors must apply sunblock and reapply it regularly throughout the day. During the summer months, frequent rests in the shade are crucial for recovery and heat management.

Staying hydrated by consistently drinking water or electrolyte drinks is paramount. For hikers, it is generally recommended to carry and consume at least one liter of water for every four miles of a hike. Some experts personally recommend a half-liter of water for every mile hiked within the canyon itself. The inclusion of electrolytes is crucial because significant sweating occurs in the dry desert heat, even if not immediately perceptible leading to salt depletion.

While staying hydrated is critical, the park also advises against forcing fluids suggesting a balanced approach to hydration that considers electrolyte intake to prevent both dehydration and potential over-hydration. Effective hydration in the Grand Canyon’s demanding climate is a complex physiological challenge that requires careful attention to fluid and electrolyte balance rather than simply consuming large volumes of water.

Maintaining safe distances from edges and staying on designated paths

Stay on designated paths and maintain safe distances from edges

Visitors must maintain a safe distance of at least six feet from the rim. In areas equipped with railings or fences, climbing over these barriers is strictly prohibited. Adherence to designated trails and walkways is mandatory at all times. It is imperative to keep a close watch on all members of a group especially small children ensuring that all travel companions have both feet firmly planted on pavement or developed trails. Awareness of one’s footing and vigilance for trip hazards are also essential.

Similar reads

Hiking the inner canyon: Preparedness for a strenuous journey

Steep elevation changes, extreme temperatures, and rugged terrain

Assessing physical abilities and choosing appropriate hikes

Carefully consider your fitness, experience, and the hike’s difficulty level

Hiking below the Grand Canyon’s rim presents a significant challenge and is generally not recommended for beginner hikers. First-time canyon hikers consistently report that the experience was considerably more difficult than they had anticipated. The inner canyon is a harsh desert environment characterized by minimal shade and summer temperatures that frequently exceed 100°F.

Essential gear and packing list for inner canyon hiking

Packing the right gear is essential for safety and comfort

While the goal for inner canyon hiking is to be as lightweight as possible for a more enjoyable hike, this must be balanced with the absolute necessity of essential safety gear. Key items include well-fitting and broken-in hiking boots. The use of hiking sticks is highly recommended to reduce stress on the legs especially during the strenuous ascent. A small, lightweight flashlight with extra batteries and a bulb is crucial for navigating potential darkness.

Protection from the sun is vital requiring sunscreen, sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat. Essential navigation and safety tools comprise a map, compass, signal mirror or whistle, and a first aid kit. Water purification tablets are also recommended as a backup for water sources.

Adhering to Leave No Trace principles, all trash including biodegradable items must be carried out of the canyon.

Hikers must prioritize safety gear understanding that food and water will constitute the primary weight in their pack and this weight is a non-negotiable component of safety.

Critical hydration and nutrition: Water, electrolytes, and food intake

Heat, elevation, and exertion rapidly deplete your body’s water and electrolyte balance

Consistent intake of water or electrolyte drinks is vital for maintaining hydration. The recommended intake is at least 1 liter per 4 miles with a personal recommendation of 0.5 liters per mile within the canyon. Hiking in the canyon is physiologically demanding requiring approximately twice a person’s normal energy intake. Salty snacks and water or sports drinks should be consumed on any hike lasting longer than 30 minutes to maintain electrolyte balance and energy levels.

Pacing, frequent breaks, and time management for ascent/descent

Maintain a pace that allows you to walk comfortably

Effective pacing is crucial for energy conservation. Hikers should maintain an aerobic pace that allows for comfortable conversation even taking baby-sized steps on steep trails. Regular breaks are essential for recovery; a ten-minute break should be taken at least once every hour. During these breaks, sitting down, propping legs up, eating food, and drinking fluids are recommended. These strategic breaks will recharge the body and ultimately not impede overall progress.

Time management for ascent and descent is critical. Hikers should plan on taking twice as long to hike up as it took to hike down. As a general rule, allocate 1/3 of the total hiking time for descent and 2/3 for ascent. It is also important to establish a clear turn-around time to prevent hiking in the dark. Carrying a small, lightweight flashlight is advised in case hiking extends beyond sunset.

Worth Pondering…

The wonders of the Grand Canyon cannot be adequately represented in symbols of speech, nor by speech itself.

—Major John Wesley Powell, Exploration of the Colorado River and its Canyons

Rockslides and Hiking Safely in Zion National Park

Zion National Park is defined by its rock canyons and towering cliffs. Although the impressive pinnacles of rock found throughout the park might seem to be monuments to permanence, the opposite is true. The park’s towering red, orange, and white walls sometimes shift, slide, or fall.

Attracting over five million visitors every year, Zion National Park is among the country’s most popular, known for its canyons and vast desert landscapes.

It also attracts visitors interested in adventure sports such as canyoneering, rock climbing, and whitewater rafting—all provide different ways to see and experience distinctive rock formations spread throughout the expansive territory.

Zion National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rock slides happen frequently in Zion National Park

But the cliffs made up of limestone, sandstone, and siltstone formations are also prone to regular rockslides. On the afternoon of February 24 (2024), falling rocks led to the closure of the popular Zion Canyon Scenic Drive—considered the most scenic of the four main vehicle roads passing through the park, it stretches approximately seven miles and passes through popular landmarks such as Angel’s Landing and Weeping Rock.

The rockslide occurred at approximately 3:30 p.m. in the park’s Big Bend area; while no injuries were reported the road was closed down for park workers to clean up and evaluate for risk of a repeat. The only exceptions were for emergency personnel and guests with a booked reservation at Zion Lodge.

“Zion Canyon Scenic Drive is temporarily closed due to a rockfall near Big Bend,” the National Park Service (NPS) wrote on the Zion page. “Guests with Lodge reservations will have road access up to the Lodge.”

Everyone else needed to take one of the other main roads to get through the park; State Route 9 is generally taken by those willing to forgo the sights to get through the park faster. Zion Canyon Scenic Drive, meanwhile, remained closed as of the morning of February 25 but has since reopened.

These are the types of accidents that regularly take place at Zion National Park

Home to both steep cliffs and rocky canyon terrain, Zion regularly sees visitor injuries and worse related to falls. At the start of February, a hiker fell to his death over what was likely a misstep on a cliff at the park’s Canyon Overlook Trail.

Another high-profile tragedy took place in October 2024 when Justin Bingham, the CEO of Utah software tech company Opiniion, fell between 150 and 200 feet while rappelling into Zion’s Heaps Canyon on a friends trip.

Bingham was pronounced dead before he could be airlifted to a hospital while the other three friends traveling with him with were extracted from the canyon without injury.

In a description of the accident, park authorities said that the “rescue team arrived on scene and rendered emergency medical care” while also assisting “with rappelling down the canyon” for the men stuck inside.

The park’s response involved more than 50 rescuers from Zion’s search and rescue team, Springdale Police Department, Hurricane Valley Fire and Rescue, Washington County Sheriff’s Office, and Intermountain Life Flight.

In its safety guide for the park, NPS authorities remind visitors to always be aware of steep cliffs and the potential for falling rocks on any hike they undertake. Be especially careful of edges when using cameras or binoculars. The most standard instructions are to stay on marked trails, keep away from ledges, and respect warnings posted on any permanent or temporary signage.

“Loose sand or pebbles on stone are very slippery,” the park writes. “Never throw or roll rocks. There may be hikers below you.”

On rockfalls, NPS note that rockfall hazards occur throughout the park and are especially high near any cliff face. If you witness a rockfall, quickly move away from the cliff. If you are near the base of a cliff or talus slope when a rockfall occurs and cannot quickly move away from the base of the cliff, immediately seek shelter behind the largest nearby boulder and pull your backpack over your head.

After rocks have stopped falling, move quickly as far away from the base of the cliff as possible. Be aware that rockfalls can occur at any time. Pay attention to your surroundings, stay off of closed trails, and, if unsure, keep away from cliffs.

Tips for safely hiking Zion National Park

Hiking is one of the best ways to see all that Zion National Park has to offer. Walking along the natural landscape provides an up-close view of everything that makes Zion so beautiful. Hikers may choose to explore the rocky terrain, hike along the canyon and mesas, or traverse the Zion backcountry. Every area of Zion National Park has something special to offer to hikers.

One of the most dangerous things visitors to Zion do is assume that hiking is a completely safe, easy activity. While hiking is a generally simple activity with most of the journey focused on walking along different landscapes, it can be tricky. From being mindful of natural hazards to understanding the body’s limits, there is so much to know before setting out on a hiking adventure.

The following tips for safety while hiking in Zion National Park are a great start to ensuring a safe, fun, and memorable hike along some of the most beautiful views Utah has to offer.

1. Be aware of surroundings

While surrounded by incredible views, it’s so easy to get lost in the new and different world that is Zion. After all, becoming one with nature means getting lost in its beauty! While it’s okay to lose track mentally, it’s never a good idea to get lost physically.

It is extremely important to always be aware of your surroundings and have a good idea of your location. Losing track of your location puts you and fellow hikers at risk for wandering into unsafe areas, hiking for much longer than they were prepared for, and, worse yet, being lost in the park after nightfall.

Depending on the conditions and your experience, getting lost on a hike could turn into a life or death situation. Minding location throughout the journey is the best way to ensure a safe hike.

2. Know personal limits

There are times when testing the body’s boundaries and pushing the limits are great ideas. During a hike in Zion National Park is not one of those times. New and experienced hikers all have different limits and capabilities. It is important for each hiker to assess their individual skill and plan a hiking trip according to what they are capable of.

The desire to keep up with a crowd or see a certain area of the park is never worth the risk of a serious injury. Instead, working up to longer hikes over time and then embarking on a big journey in Zion National Park may be a better idea. Adhering to personal limits is an important part of a safe hike.

3. Step carefully

The natural rock formations that make Zion so beautiful can harbor some unexpected dangers to hikers. The rocky terrain creates obstacles that stretch throughout the park. Shifting rocks, eroding cliffs, and unseen crevices all pose a threat to hikers if they are not paying attention. Anticipating each step along the way is a vital part of getting back to base safely.

4. Steer clear of wildlife

An often-overlooked danger of hiking in Zion National Park is the wildlife in the area. While the animals of Zion generally prefer to avoid human contact, hikers who stumble upon wildlife without knowledge of how to handle the interaction could find themselves in trouble.

One of the more serious dangers is the threat of venomous rattlesnakes. While bites from these snakes are rare, dealing with a rattlesnake improperly increases the chance of a bite. When encountering rattlesnakes or any wildlife, it is best to avoid it, do not threaten or injure it, and, if it’s a dangerous animal like a rattlesnake or large mammal, report the encounter to park officials. Using this tip helps keep wildlife and visitors safe during Zion National Park hiking.

5. Keep an eye on the weather

Weather plays a big role in the way Zion National Park is experienced. While it is usually quite beautiful and mild, there are weather conditions that pose a threat to hikers. Any weather extremes like high or low temperatures should be something hikers are aware of ahead of time.

High temperatures result in an increased risk of dehydration and exhaustion for hikers especially inexperienced and ill-prepared ones. Hikers who go out in colder temperatures run the risk of hypothermia and exposure.

Not every weather risk has to do with the temperature. Flash flooding is another serious weather risk that is dangerous and potentially deadly, for hikers in Zion National Park. By watching the weather reports and planning hikes accordingly, the chance of getting caught in dangerous weather decreases dramatically.

6. Stay safe and hike on

Hiking is an activity that provides so many wonderful benefits. Hikers can get great exercise, see beautiful scenery, and explore new and exciting places. Hiking doesn’t require a lot of gear, so the restrictions on who is able to hike are limited. Basically, those who can walk long distances will enjoy hiking in Zion National Park.

Though there are some dangers to be mindful of during a hike, those should never stop people who love the outdoors from enjoying a nice hike. By being aware of the potential dangers and following the above safety tips, hiking can be one of the most exciting, memorable experiences taken away from Zion National Park.

More on Zion National Park

Worth Pondering…

It is a place where a family can rest at streamside after a pleasant morning hike.

It is a vast labyrinth of narrow canyons where one can become hopelessly lost, shrinking to invisibility beneath dark, towering walls of stone.

One may feel triumph and exhilaration, or awesome smallness atop Angels Landing; thirst and fatigue, or a rewarding weariness, on the return trek from the backcountry.

Perhaps one’s view of Zion is in the eyes of the beholder.

—Wayne L. Hamilton, The Sculpturing of Zion

Choosing the Right Hiking Trail

How to find your perfect hiking trail anywhere

Starting a hiking adventure is not just about donning sturdy boots and heading into the wilderness; it requires careful consideration of various factors to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience. Choosing the right hiking trail involves assessing variables such as distance, difficulty, elevation, and personal fitness levels.

This article aims to guide hiking enthusiasts through the process of selecting the perfect trail for their needs, offering valuable tips for finding local trails, and utilizing resources to gather essential information.

Hiking to Clingman’s Dome, Great Smoky Mountains National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Factors to consider

How much time you have

Do you have a couple hours or a full day? The amount of time you have can determine where you go. Don’t forget to factor in how long it takes to get to and from the trailhead.

Your fitness level

Honestly assess what kind of shape you’re in. You want to have an enjoyable time out there rather than suffering through a long, strenuous hike that you’re not prepared for. If you’re not in the shape of your life, don’t be dismayed: There are hikes for everyone.

Distance

The length of a hiking trail is a crucial factor that directly correlates with the time commitment required. Novice hikers may opt for shorter trails ranging from 1 to 3 miles while experienced adventurers might seek longer, more challenging routes. Consider your fitness level, the time available, and the overall goals of your hiking excursion when choosing a trail length.

Hiking Snow Canyon State Park, Utah *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Difficulty level

Trails are often categorized into different difficulty levels ranging from easy to strenuous. Novices should start with easy trails to build confidence and gradually progress to more challenging ones. Factors influencing difficulty include the terrain, elevation gain, and technical features. Be honest with yourself about your abilities and choose a trail that aligns with your skill level.

Elevation gain

Elevation gain refers to the total vertical distance ascended during a hike. Some trails remain relatively flat while others involve steep climbs. Consider your fitness level and how well you tolerate changes in elevation. A gradual ascent is generally easier on the body while steep inclines can provide a more strenuous workout.

Terrain

The type of terrain a trail covers significantly impacts the hiking experience. Trails can meander through lush forests, rocky mountain paths, sandy deserts, or coastal landscapes. Think about your preferences and comfort level with different terrains when selecting a trail. Additionally, consider the season and how weather conditions may affect the trail’s terrain.

Weather conditions

Weather is a crucial factor in hiking safety. Check the forecast for the day of your hike and choose a trail that aligns with the expected conditions. Some trails may be unsafe or closed during certain weather events such as heavy rain or snow. Always be prepared for unexpected changes in weather by dressing in layers and carrying essential gear.

Logistics

Certain hikes require a bit more planning. For instance, if you end up doing a hike that starts and finishes at different places you’ll need to shuttle cars to your start and end points.

Finding local trails

Online trail databases

Utilize online platforms and databases dedicated to hiking trails. Websites like AllTrails, Hiking Project, and TrailLink offer comprehensive information about trails worldwide. Users can filter trails based on distance, difficulty, and other factors, read reviews, and view maps.

Local hiking clubs

Joining a local hiking club or community is an excellent way to discover hidden gems in your area. Experienced hikers often share their favorite trails and may organize group hikes providing an opportunity to learn from seasoned enthusiasts and make new connections.

National and State Parks

National and state parks are treasure troves of diverse hiking trails. Explore their official websites or visitor centers to access trail maps, information on trail conditions, and any permits or regulations you need to be aware of before embarking on your hike.

Social media and forums

Social media platforms and hiking forums can be valuable resources for discovering lesser-known trails. Join hiking groups on platforms like Facebook or Reddit where members often share photos, trail recommendations, and firsthand experiences.

Local outdoor retailers

Visit outdoor retailers in your area such as REI or local gear shops. These establishments often have knowledgeable staff who can provide advice on nearby trails, offer trail maps, and recommend essential gear for your chosen hike.

Word of mouth

If you have friends who like to hike, ask them to suggest some locations for you.

Talk to locals

Contact a local hiking organization or call a ranger station in the area where you want to hike. Rangers typically have up-to-date trail conditions and are skilled at suggesting hikes for all skill levels.

Selecting the right hiking trail is a crucial step in ensuring a safe, enjoyable, and fulfilling outdoor experience. By considering factors such as distance, difficulty, elevation, terrain, and weather conditions, hikers can tailor their choice to match their fitness level and personal preferences.

Hiking Appalachian Trail *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Trail etiquette

Whether you’ve been hiking for years or you’re gearing up for your first trek, it’s valuable to know some basic trail etiquette.

Right of way

Following these rules of the trail can help everyone get along.

Hikers vs. hikers: Hikers going uphill have the right of way. You may see uphill hikers let others come downhill while they take a breather but remember that’s the uphill hiker’s decision.

Hikers vs. bikers: Mountain bikers are generally expected to yield to hikers. However, because mountain bikers are usually moving faster than hikers it can be easier for hikers to step aside and yield the right of way.

Hikers vs. horses: Horses get the right of way. If you’re sharing the trail with equestrians give them a wide berth when you’re passing each other and don’t make abrupt movements. It’s generally recommended to step off the trail to the downhill side while yielding to a horse.

Leave No Trace: While most of us don’t intend to harm our natural surroundings, we may not know how to preserve them or we’re simply overlooking a few important behaviors. Leave No Trace provides seven principles that provide guidance for enjoying the outdoors in a sustainable way that avoids human impacts. For more on the seven principles read Leave No Trace 7 Principles.

Peralta Trailhead, Arizona *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Utilizing online resources, joining local hiking communities, and exploring national and state parks are effective ways to discover and learn about the myriad trails available. Whether you’re a novice seeking a leisurely stroll or an experienced adventurer craving a challenging ascent, careful trail selection is the key to unlocking the wonders of the great outdoors.

Here are some helpful resources for hikers of all levels of experience:

Worth Pondering…

As soon as he saw the Big Boots, Pooh knew that an Adventure was about to happen, and he brushed the honey off his nose with the back of his paw and spruced himself up as well as he could, so as to look Ready for Anything.

—A. A. Milne, Winnie-the-Pooh

The Beginner’s Guide to Hiking

Hiking for beginners can be intimidating but there’s really not much to it. You don’t need any special skills to hike; you just have to be able to walk and know where you are. It’s a great way to immerse yourself in nature, get a good workout in, and recharge your batteries. This guide will give you some essential hiking for beginners’ tips to make your hike safe and fun.

Hiking is a wonderful way to immerse yourself in the outdoors. Transported by your own two feet and carrying only what you need for the day on your back you can discover the beauty of nature at whatever pace you’re comfortable with. And, with a little planning and preparation, it’s an activity that almost anyone can do.

Hiking, a timeless and invigorating outdoor activity has been a favorite pastime for individuals seeking a harmonious blend of exercise, nature, and adventure. Whether you’re a fitness enthusiast or a novice to the world of outdoor activities, hiking provides an excellent opportunity to reconnect with nature, improve physical well-being, and embark on a journey of self-discovery.

In this article, I’ll delve into the essence of hiking, highlighting its benefits and why it is an ideal activity for beginners. Moreover, I’ll underscore the inclusivity of hiking, catering to individuals of various fitness levels.

What is hiking and its benefits

Hiking is a form of outdoor recreation that involves walking or trekking through natural landscapes, often along trails or footpaths. Unlike more structured exercises, hiking allows participants to immerse themselves in the beauty of nature offering a refreshing break from the hustle and bustle of daily life. The benefits of hiking extend beyond the physical realm encompassing mental and emotional well-being.

Physical fitness

One of the primary advantages of hiking is the positive impact it has on physical health. As a weight-bearing exercise, hiking helps improve cardiovascular health, strengthen muscles, and enhance overall endurance. The varied terrain encountered during hikes engages different muscle groups providing a comprehensive workout for the body.

Mental well-being

The therapeutic effect of nature is well-documented and hiking serves as a conduit to experience it firsthand. The serene landscapes, fresh air, and the rhythmic act of walking contribute to reduced stress levels, improved mood, and enhanced mental clarity. Hiking provides a valuable opportunity to unplug from technology and connect with the present moment.

Social interaction

While hiking can be a solo endeavor, it also presents an excellent opportunity for social interaction. Group hikes allow individuals to share the experience with friends or meet like-minded individuals fostering a sense of community and camaraderie. Conversations flow more freely in the relaxed setting of nature strengthening social bonds.

Why hiking is ideal for beginners

Hiking’s appeal lies in its simplicity and adaptability making it an excellent choice for individuals new to outdoor activities. Here are several reasons why hiking is an ideal starting point.

Low entry barrier

Unlike some sports or fitness routines that require specialized equipment or skills, hiking has a remarkably low entry barrier. A comfortable pair of walking shoes, appropriate clothing, and a water bottle are sufficient for a beginner’s hike. This simplicity encourages more people to try hiking without the need for significant initial investment.

Flexible intensity

Hiking offers a wide range of intensity levels accommodating individuals with diverse fitness backgrounds. Beginners can choose trails with gentle inclines and shorter distances gradually progressing to more challenging routes as their fitness improves. The ability to tailor the intensity of a hike makes it accessible to individuals of all ages and fitness levels.

Connection with nature

For those unaccustomed to regular physical activity the prospect of heading to a gym can be intimidating. Hiking, on the other hand, provides a natural and scenic environment offering a more appealing setting for exercise. The desire to explore nature often serves as a strong motivator for beginners to lace up their hiking boots and hit the trails.

Varied terrain

Hiking trails come in various forms from easy, well-groomed paths to more rugged and challenging terrains. Beginners can choose trails that match their comfort level and gradually progress to more demanding routes. This adaptability ensures that hikers can tailor their experience to suit their fitness and skill levels.

Hiking Cades Cove, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Accessibility for people of different fitness levels

One of the most remarkable aspects of hiking is its inclusivity. Regardless of age, fitness level, or prior experience, there is a hiking trail suitable for everyone. Here’s why hiking is accessible to people of different fitness levels:

Trail diversity

Hiking trails are available in a range of difficulty levels from beginner-friendly to advanced. Novices can start with flat, well-marked trails, gradually progressing to more challenging routes with steeper inclines and uneven terrain. National and state parks often classify trails by difficulty helping hikers make informed choices.

Customizable distances

Hiking allows individuals to customize the length of their journey based on their fitness level and preferences. Beginners can start with short, leisurely hikes and gradually increase the distance as they build stamina. The ability to set one’s pace makes hiking an accommodating activity for people at different fitness levels.

Hiking Custer State Park, South Dakota *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Supportive hiking communities

The hiking community is generally welcoming and supportive providing resources and encouragement for individuals at all levels. Local hiking clubs and online forums offer valuable advice, trail recommendations, and shared experiences fostering a sense of inclusivity and making the transition into hiking smoother for beginners.

Adaptability to health conditions

Hiking can be adapted to accommodate various health conditions and mobility levels. Many trails are wheelchair-accessible and nature reserves are increasingly mindful of creating inclusive outdoor spaces. Those with health concerns can consult with healthcare professionals to find suitable trials and modifications that cater to their specific needs.

Choose your hiking gear

One of the wonderful things about hiking is that you don’t need a bunch of high-tech gear to get out there. With a few essential items for the trail and a sense of adventure, you’re ready to head into the wilderness.

Hiking footwear

Footwear is one of the most important items you need to choose and it’s a very personal choice. Some hikers prefer supportive over-the-ankle boots while others enjoy lightweight trail-running shoes. The terrain you’ll be walking on can also affect your decision.

Food and water

As a beginner hiker, it can be tough to know how much food and water you need. A good general recommendation for how much to eat is 200–300 calories per hour. About a quart for every two hours of moderate activity in moderate temperatures is a good starting place for water intake. These amounts depend heavily on several factors such as the intensity of your hike, the weather, your age, your sweat rate, and your body type. As you gain more experience, you’ll get a better sense of just how much you need.

Hiking Lost Dutchman State Park, Arizona *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Appropriate clothing

Wide-brimmed hat or hat with a neck cape protects the head, face, and neck. Light-colored, light weight, long sleeve shirt protects shoulders, arms, and back. Light color reflects back more heat and light weight allows perspiration to evaporate.

In the realm of outdoor activities, hiking stands out as an accessible, adaptable, and immensely rewarding pursuit. Whether you’re seeking a stroll through scenic landscapes or a more challenging trek to test your limits, hiking offers something for everyone.

The physical, mental, and social benefits make it an ideal activity for beginners. So, lace up your hiking boots, explore the trails, and embark on a journey that not only enhances your well-being but also allows you to discover the wonders of nature.

Here are some helpful resources for hikers of all levels of experience:

Worth Pondering…

—A. A. Milne, Winnie-the-Pooh

The FUNdamentals of Hiking for Seniors

Don’t just sit around the campsite! Hiking for seniors is more than doable for everyone. Just follow the 10 FUNdamentals.

Notice I’m posting this on the first day of the New Year for a reason.

Have you heard of First Day Hikes?

First Day Hikes is part of a nationwide initiative led by America’s State Parks to encourage people to get outdoors. On New Year’s Day, hundreds of free, guided hikes are organized in all 50 states. Children and adults all across America participate in First Day Hikes getting their hearts pumping and enjoying the beauty of a state park. Last year nearly 55,000 people rang in the New Year collectively hiking over 133,000 miles throughout the country.

As we visit with those we meet across the country in campgrounds, rallies, and camping meetups, we are amazed at how many RVers—especially seniors—are not hikers. And we think the first day of the year is a good time to start.

Some think it’s too challenging, too strenuous, needs too much-specialized equipment, and not enjoyable.

But, they are wrong.

Unless you have a serious underlying health issue, hiking for seniors is for everyone—no matter your age, experience, fitness level, or gear.

Hiking will so enhance your enjoyment of the RV Lifestyle, nature, the geographic area you are visiting, and your relationship with your camping partner that you will be instantly hooked.

So let’s break it down a bit and talk about what you need gear-wise, how to get started, and what advice you should follow.

But, make no mistake hiking is indeed for everyone at every age.

1. What is different about hiking for seniors?

Hiking is for everyone.

It’s just walking and exploring outdoors. That’s the simplest definition I can offer.

There’s no set speed you have to hike, no distance required to be counted as a hike, and you don’t have to dress a certain way.

2. How is the best way to start hiking for seniors?

Begin by taking walks around the campground or RV park. Then explore further afield.

Get proper hiking footwear. You don’t need huge, expensive, and heavy boots. Today’s hiking boots are as comfortable as shoes. Wear them on your neighborhood walks, or around the campground when you are camping.

Then start to venture out on trails.

3. Best hiking for seniors gear

There is some basic gear that will make your hike more enjoyable like that good pair of hiking boots.

You’ll want a hat to keep the sun from frying your brains (just kidding), a day pack, a water bottle, comfortable clothes, and maybe some hiking poles for extra stability on uneven ground.

A compass is also a good thing to carry with you. Many cell phones have them built-in as apps and that is nice. But there may not be cell coverage in the area you are hiking or your battery may run out of juice. So get, learn how to use it, and bring a compass along on your hikes.

And if you are hiking in bear country, every person in your hiking party should carry bear spray.

Want an RV resource and information on hiking in bear country?

Hiking and Camping in Bear Country: What You Need to Know

Hiking Badlands National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

4. How far should you hike?

If you are a total newbie and in reasonably good shape and can easily handle those neighborhood walkabouts I talked about earlier, a good wilderness hike to begin with is two two-mile round trip if the terrain is rough and hilly, maybe even less.

Eventually, a moderate distance for most beginners is three to four miles out and back.

Hiking is not speed walking. I consider it a nature stroll. You want to take your time. Look around. Take a lot of photos. Observe God’s creation in all its glory. Learn things. Breathe deeply. Listen.

5. Use a map

If you are in a wilderness area, you really want to have a map that clearly shows your route.

At most state parks and national parks, hiking trails are marked in brochures and printed maps available from the ranger station.

There are lots of books available for popular areas listing the different trails. The alltrails.com app is a must-have for finding great hikes in the various locations you visit.

You can even Google something like “best hikes near me” and get lots of suggestions.

But the whole point of a map is to know where you are going and how to get back plus a general understanding of landmarks, the terrain, and what you will be seeing.

Hiking Arches National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

6. Tell someone where you are going

In case of an emergency, you want someone to know where you are going and when you expect to be back. Consider sending a text or an email to a friend or relative.

You can say something like: “Greetings from Arches. Wish you were with us! We are going to Double O Arch in the Devils Garden section. It’s only a little over four miles round trip and has some beautiful scenery. I just wanted to let you know! We should be back by 4 pm. I’ll send you a photo when we return.”

By the way, if you do visit Arches, Double O Arch is a great hike. It’s 4.1 miles roundtrip but because you spend the first part climbing it’s officially classified as moderate in difficulty.

Double O Arch is the second largest arch within the Devils Garden area—after Landscape Arch of course. As the name implies, there are two arches here, one large, with a span of 71 feet, stacked atop a much smaller arch with a 21-foot span. Both are part of the same sandstone fin. Double O Arch is located at the far end of the Devils Garden Primitive Loop, 1.93 miles past the Devils Garden trailhead and parking lot at the north end of the Arches Entrance Road. Past Landscape, the trail becomes much more rugged and challenging.

Something else to do: Leave a note in the vehicle you used to drive to the trailhead or back in the RV if you set off from camp. Jot down the date and time, where you are going, the route or trail, and when you expect to be back.

7. Carry a day pack

For short hikes, a day pack is all you need.

You should bring a cell phone with you. Naturally, it should be fully charged. There are inexpensive cases and solar chargers that easily fit in a small pack. And even if cell coverage in the wilderness you are hiking is spotty, the phone is still useful. You can download and store maps on it, use the flashlight, and take photos.

Also, carry a small, dedicated flashlight in your day pack.

Other items we bring include rain ponchos, basic first aid kit, whistle for signaling, water bottle, insect repellant, and sunscreen.

For short hikes, you very well may not need all that. But being prepared just in case always makes good sense.

Be ware of the cholla! *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

8. Know the weather

Before setting out on any hike, be aware of the predicted weather conditions you are likely to encounter.

Excess heat and humidity, predicted storms, flash flood conditions, wind, and wildfire potentials are all factors you need to be aware of and take into consideration as you plan your hike.

If it’s expected to be hot, get an early start. Know what time sunset is and give yourself plenty of time to get back before dark.

9. Stick to the trail

The leading reason why hikers get lost is that they decide to go off-trail. So don’t. Besides easily getting disoriented, hiking off-trail damages the landscape.

Hidden obstacles off-trail can trip you up and falls are the leading cause of injuries to hikers. Besides, the trails are there for a reason. They are the best route through the area and almost always offer the best views. So stay on them.

10. Leave no trace

As the signs say, leave nothing but footprints.

But don’t take anything out with you, either—except your trash and photos.

Most public lands prohibit picking wildflowers or removing trees and shrubs.

Lately, we’ve seen notices on some of our hikes asking people not to make rock piles.

The idea is to keep public lands as wild and undisturbed as possible.

There’s a Leave No Trace movement that lists a code of conduct that responsible campers and hikers should follow.

Where will your next hike be?

Worth Pondering…

To me, old age is always ten years older than I am.

—John Burroughs

Hiking and Camping in Bear Country: What You Need to Know

Camping in bear country comes with gorgeous scenic views but it also comes with… bears! Here’s what you need to know to stay safe and protect yourself and your gear.

All of the authoritative books on bears seem to agree on one thing: if you’re close enough to a bear to cause it to change its activity pattern, you’re too close, and in possible danger.

―Dennis R. Blanchard

First, I want to state that bear attacks are rare; you’re much more likely to be attacked and/or killed by another human than a bear. However, your odds of not being attacked by a bear are even better if you practice bear safety.

Wild animals are part of every nature experience. Use caution. © *Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Be prepared, not scared

Please don’t take the information in this article as fear-mongering. Wild animals are part of every nature experience.

Just remember, it always pays to be prepared.

It’s a sad fact of life that there are camping fatalities and injuries every year because of bear attacks. During peak season, at least one bear every week is put down by game officials somewhere in North America because it strayed into a campground. Unfortunately, most incidents arise because of irresponsible humans who left food out.

This article is to help protect you and the bears whose home we are visiting!

Despite the headlines and all the warning signs, bear incidents are really rare. Hundreds of thousands of hikers and campers enjoy the wilderness in bear country without even seeing a bear.

But that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t take precautions.

When camping in bear country, you will almost always see signs advising you that bears are in the area. Heed their warnings!

Camping in bear country with dogs

If you travel with dogs, there can be other problems. Dogs antagonize bears especially mother bears with cubs.

You need to have your dog on a leash whenever camping in bear country.

Even on a leash, dogs are prohibited on many trails in national parks that have bears. In fact, Bear Country or not! You can read about the national parks that do allow dogs and under which conditions at 12 Dog-Friendly National Parks.

Dogs are usually allowed in campgrounds and on most paved areas near stores but always check first before planning your visit and day’s activities.

How to store food when camping in bear country

Almost all campgrounds in bear country provide bear-proof food storage canisters at each site.

We don’t want to see bears get put down. And we don’t want bears to put people in danger. So, be sure to use these bear-proof food storage containers!

National Parks Service and the Colorado Parks and Wildlife Department list the following rules and suggestions for RVing in bear country.

Food rules:

Never store food outside or near your RV. After cooking and eating, bring all food inside.
Keep your area clean. Be sure to wash dishes, dispose of garbage, and wipe down tables.
Keep all items with strong odors (i.e., toothpaste, bug repellent, soap, etc.) inside the RV and out of reach of bears or the bear-proof containers available at most campsites in bear country.
Hanging food in trees is the traditional method of storing food while camping in the backcountry. The better alternative is a bear canister—a portable, hard-sided food locker.

Camping in bear country safety tips

Here are some additional tips that I strongly suggest you follow if bears live in the region.

Keep your dog on a leash or rope at all times. Never leave your dog outside at night while you sleep in the RV.
Close windows and lock your vehicle and RV when you leave your campsite and at night before you go to sleep.
If a bear does come near your campsite and no rangers are around, get in your RV or vehicle. Yell at the bear. Honk the horn. Play loud music, bang pots, and pans. Do not try to approach it.
If you will be spending time in bear country, get a can of bear spray. Bear spray is a super-concentrated, highly irritating pepper spray proven to be more effective than firearms at deterring bears.

General hiking precautions in bear country

Most bear encounters do not happen in campgrounds. They occur in the backcountry while people are hiking.
Never hike alone. Two or three people are best. Bears will usually move out of the way if they hear people approaching, so make plenty of noise to make them aware of your presence.
Most bells are not enough to warn a bear away. Calling out and clapping hands loudly at regular intervals are better ways to make your presence known. Hiking quietly endangers you, the bear, and other hikers.
A bear consistently surprised by quiet hikers may become habituated to close human contact and less likely to avoid people. This sets up a dangerous situation for both visitors and bears.

Additional tips when hiking

Bear tracks, bear scat, and shredded logs are all signs you’re in bear country.
Be alert at all times and leave your headphones at home. Be extra cautious at dawn and dusk when the wind is in your face, visibility is limited, or you’re walking by a noisy stream. A firm clap or quick shout warns bears that humans are in the area.
In late summer and fall, bears need to forage up to 20 hours a day, so avoid trails that go through berry patches, oak brush, and other natural food sources.
Keep dogs leashed, exploring canines can surprise a bear. Your dog could be injured or come running back to you with an irritated bear on its heels.
Keep children between adults and teach them what to do if they see a bear. Don’t let them run ahead or lag behind.
Double bag food and never leave any trash or leftovers behind. Finding treats teaches bears to associate trails with food.
Never approach bears or offer food. If you see a bear, watch from a safe distance and enjoy this very special experience. If your presence causes the bear to look up or change its behavior in any way, you’re too close.

What to do if you encounter a bear

Stand still, stay calm, and quietly back away and leave. Do not make aggressive eye contact. Talk in a normal tone of voice. Be sure the bear has an escape route.
Never run or climb a tree.
If you see cubs, their mother is usually close by. Leave the area immediately.
If a bear stands up, it is just trying to identify what you are by getting a better look and smell.
Wave your arms slowly overhead and talk calmly. If the bear huffs, pops its jaws or stomps a paw, it wants you to give it space.
Step off the trail to the downhill side, keep looking at the bear, and slowly back away until the bear is out of sight.

What to do if the bear approaches

A bear knowingly approaching a person could be a food-conditioned bear looking for a handout or, very rarely, an aggressive bear. If you are approached, do the following:

Stand your ground. Yell or throw small rocks in the direction of the bear.
Get out your bear spray and use it when the bear is about 40 feet away.
If the bear attacks, don’t play dead! Fight back with anything available. People have successfully defended themselves with penknives, trekking poles, and even bare hands.

Best bear spray

Chuck Bartlebaugh is perhaps the top expert in bear safety and bear/human interactions in North America and founder and director of the Be Bear Aware Campaign. Chuck says bear spray is the best choice for stopping a charging, attacking, or threatening bear. The bear spray he recommends is called Counter Assault.

He said it works because it’s powerful and able to shoot 25-30 feet—something to keep in mind considering bears can move at a speed of up to 30 miles per hour.

If hiking in a group, every person should have their own can.

Worth Pondering…

Always respect Mother Nature. Especially when she weighs 400 pounds and is guarding her baby!

—James Rollins, Ice Hunt

Gone Without a Trace: Mysterious Disappearances in National Parks

National Parks provide immense natural beauty as well as vast expanses where it’s easy to get lost

A 57-year-old woman died after hiking in 100-degree temperatures in Grand Canyon National Park on July 2, 2023. Park officials received a call about a distressed hiker in the Tuweep area at 6:30 p.m. but she was later found dead when rangers arrived.

A 33-year-old man fell 4,000 feet to his death from the Skywalk at Grand Canyon West on June 5, 2023. A horseshoe-shaped glass bridge that extends 70 feet out over the canyon’s rim, the Skywalk is managed by the Hualapai Tribe. The Skywalk has seen more than 10 million visitors since 2007, according to the Grand Canyon West website.

Since the National Park Service (NPS) oversees more than 84 million acres of preserved woods, deserts, mountains, and other wilderness areas, it’s no surprise that in the past 100 years, there have been a number of cases of hikers going missing. Many of those who vanished were young children and inexperienced hikers but some were healthy and seasoned outdoorspeople. But is there more to these disappearances than kids wandering off or hikers becoming disoriented?

What could cause someone to seemingly vanish into thin air? There are two approaches people take to explaining these mysterious disappearances: earthly and supernatural. Most hiking experts would say that these missing hikers made common mistakes like taking on more than they could handle, inadequate planning, or failing to turnback to beat the sunset.

However, some disappearances have become a focus for urban legend, online message boards, and nonfiction books. In fact, David Paulides, author and former police officer at Yosemite National Park thinks something more intriguing is afoot. In Missing 411, he examines more than 1,100 cases of people who mysteriously vanished in United States national parks.

Badlands National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Let’s be honest—although it might be fun to imagine monsters or aliens, no proof for any supernatural disappearance has ever been provided. But there have been some mysterious disappearances at NPS sites as well as in related spaces like national forests, recreation areas, state parks, and wilderness areas. Here are some of the most fascinating cases to date, starting in the early 20th century.

People have been disappearing inside US national parks at an alarming rate with at least 10 vanishing, never to be seen again, since 2016, reported The New York Post.

One was a hiker whose last message was to his son telling him he was on his way to Yosemite National Park.

Another got separated from his group during a nine-day excursion through the stifling Grand Canyon heat.

Great Smoky Mountains National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

A young river tour guide with his whole life ahead of him also vanished during a group trip.

“No trace of man missing on Colorado River in Grand Canyon,” read a Williams-Grand Canyon News from the time.

At least 1,180 people were reported missing from NPS parks between 2018 and the first two months of 2023. Most were located safe and well, often with the help of search-and-rescue teams. Others were found injured or dead either from suicide or accidents but a small number of disappearances can’t be explained at all.

An examination of the data shows Grand Canyon National Park had more deaths, missing persons’ reports, and suicides compared to any other park. Most deaths result from falls over the canyon, helicopter crashes, or dehydration.

One disappearance with no easy explanation is Charles Lyon who has not been seen in just over two years. The 49-year-old from Tyler, Texas, was last seen at a Best Western motel in Tusayan, Arizona, on June 10, 2021. His car was found around the Grand Canyon’s South Rim the next day and police believed he was alone.

Padre Island National Seashore *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Jonghyon Won saw a similar fate in September 2017 when his car was found parked at the South Rim of Arizona’s Grand Canyon National Park. The 45-year-old did not tell anyone about his plans to be in the area and was never seen again, the NPS reported.

Florida teacher Floyd E. Roberts III disappeared from Grand Canyon National Park on June 17, 2016 while hiking with a group on a nine-day excursion. The area had been rocked by extreme heat when the 52-year-old was separated from his group. Roberts, a business technology and web design teacher for a Florida middle school, was last seen in a remote portion of the western Grand Canyon near Kelly Tank heading toward the Shanley Spring area.

With no body recovered, explaining their sudden disappearances isn’t easy. Some who fall into the canyon are not found for years as in the case of Scott Walsh who disappeared in 2015 but whose body wasn’t found until 2021.

Canyon de Chelly National Monument *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Harder to explain is the disappearance of 22-year-old Morgan Heimer. In June 2015, he was guiding a tour group through an area of the Colorado River near Pumpkin Springs when he vanished. NPS records show Heimer was helping “clients to jump off a low cliff into the water” in the minutes before he was last seen around 4 p.m. June 2.

“The last client had completed the activity and Heimer and the Lead Guide had switched positions,” states a search and record report.

“The Lead Guide had just talked to Heimer about taking a bit of time off that afternoon. The Lead Guide walked away from the cliff to talk to a client. When the Lead Guide turned around Heimer was gone.”

The guide told searchers he thought Heimer had left to take a break but realized something was amiss when Heimer failed to turn up for dinner. Heimer, from Cody, Wyoming, was described as having advanced/superior skills. He was on day six of the eight-day excursion. Heimer’s family joined searchers in Arizona. Crews spent six days scouring the area before scaling back their efforts.

Petrified Forest National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

The immediate response to disappearances in some of the most treacherous landscapes in the country falls into the hands of search-and-rescue workers who are battling the clock due to the extreme elements in an environment like the Grand Canyon. Rangers usually have only the smallest clues—a shoe impression on the ground, a credit card receipt—to find whom they’re looking for.

Bodies are not only difficult to find within an already treacherous landscape but also often exposed to the extreme weather conditions including drying heat known to expedite deterioration. In colder climates, bodies and any evidence left behind often grow harder to find as snow accumulates. Remains are also subject to scavenging by wildlife.

Such examples in expansive Grand Canyon National Park are only a handful of cases nationwide that have gone cold.

National parks elsewhere in the country have seen their own spates of mysterious disappearances.

Barry J. Tragen, 68, visited Glacier National Park at the end of July 2020. His whereabouts raised alarm bells five days later when rangers noticed his car was still parked near Kintla Lake, the NPS said. Rangers searched for any signs of the Columbia Falls, Montana, man for weeks and came across a pair of sunglasses they believed were his.

Saguaro National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

K9s were brought in and showed interest in an area of the lake’s outlet. They also used boats, ground search teams, and underwater equipment but no signs of Tragen were found, the agency said. The NPS scaled back its search efforts beginning August 10, 2020 and Tragen remains missing.

Beverly, Massachusetts man Matthew Silveira’s July 2020 disappearance also reached the NPS which was called in to assist the Wellfleet Police Department after local officers discovered his car abandoned just miles from the Cape Cod National Seashore, according to reports from the NPS and the Boston Globe. Camping gear and his cellphone were found inside according to the NPS report which also described the 32-year-old as having a history of making suicidal statements. Silveira’s car was found over 120 miles from his hometown but he was never located.

James Pruitt drove 1,400 miles to Rocky Mountain National Park from his hometown of Etowah, Tennessee on February 28, 2019. The 70-year-old parked his car in the lot of the Glacier Gorge trailhead, according to the NPS. Park rangers discovered his car March 3 and grew suspicious when the vehicle did not have an overnight parking permit.

Pruitt’s family told rangers they did not know where within the national park he had planned to hike and said they have not heard from him since 10 a.m. February 28. They also said Pruitt had not planned on staying in the park overnight.

Joshua Tree National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

But Glacier Gorge had received two feet of snow by the time rangers caught wind of Pruitt’s disappearance which added to the already challenging search, police said. Rangers scoured 15 square miles until March 11 when their search “entered limited continuous operations” on March 11, 2019, the NPS said.

A team of 40 searchers briefly resumed their efforts in October after months of small, sporadic searches during the summer but by that time it’s possible his remains could have been almost entirely consumed by wild animals, leaving no trace.

In California, Peter Jackson texted his son on September 17, 2016 to say he was on his way to the high-traffic Yosemite National Park. He had been staying at the White Wolf Campground and had paid to park through September 21, 2016. The avid hiker’s backpack was discovered in the area of Ackerson Meadow and Aspen Valley on August 19 but neither he nor his remains have ever been found, officials said.

On the other side of the country, John Squires was rafting with friends on June 20, 2018, when their vessel overturned in the American Creek within Alaska’s Katmai National Park. He and the others were thrown into the fast-moving water when their raft collided with a submerged object, the NPS said. Squires was last seen swimming downriver and trying to get to the shore. His friends were ultimately able to swim to safety but were unable to get to Squires.

He remains missing five years later.

White Sands National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

The disappearance of Gabby Petito made international headlines when her boyfriend Brian Laundrie returned from their road trip all by himself. They had posted heavily about their travels on social media, had an ambitious schedule of coast-to-coast national park visits although several fights between the pair were noticed by others (including the police) along the way.

Petito’s family says that their last contact with the 22-year-old was at the end of August 2021. Laundrie arrived back at home September 1 without Petito and refused to speak with police or her family. Her family reported her missing September 11 after a lengthy lack of contact. In fact, they don’t believe the last text they received from Petito was actually from her.

Sadly, on September 19, Petito’s remains were found in Bridger-Teton National Forest in Wyoming. The cause of death was determined to be strangulation. Laundrie disappeared on September 17 and on October 20 his skeletal remains were found inside the Carlton Reserve in Sarasota, Florida.

Worth Pondering…

Stay safe wherever you are and find time to enjoy each day!

Hike Smart: How to Stay Hydrated on the Trail

Water, water, water! The magical liquid that keeps us alive!

Hiking a ridge, a meadow, or a river bottom, is as healthy a form of exercise as one can get. Hiking seems to put all the body cells back into rhythm.

—William O. Douglas, Justice, United States Supreme Court

As the weather warms up, hiking starts to be the go-to weekend activity. With amazing trails in parks across the country, it’s a perfect time to lace up your boots and explore the diversity of landscapes and views. RVingwithRex.com has you covered with tips to hike safe and have fun this summer.

Did someone say water? Bring more water than you think you’ll need, every time. Pre-hydrate before you head out starting the night before a hike. Drink throughout the day and always over-prepare. When you’ve finished half of your water supply, it’s time to turn around—no matter where you are on the trail.

Plan ahead! Before you hike, check and download any trail maps or guides you might need. Take a GPS with you and make sure your phone is fully charged. If you’re hiking alone, let someone know where you’re going and about how long you’ll be gone. Most parks have rangers available to help you pick the trail that’s right for you.

Maintaining body fluids is essential for sweating so you must hydrate before, during, and after your hikes. Limit the amount of caffeine drinks such as coffee and colas because caffeine increases fluid loss. Avoid alcoholic drinks—they also cause dehydration.

When engaged in strenuous trail activity or when hiking in hot environments, drink at least one quart of fluid per hour. Providing a portion of fluid replacement with a carbohydrate/electrolyte sport beverage will help retain fluids and maintain energy and electrolyte levels—however, uou need to alternate sports drinks with plain water.

Continue drinking after hiking to replace fluid losses—thirst always underestimates fluid needs, so drink more than you think is necessary.

Hiking Peralta Trail, Arizona *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Rehydration is enhanced when fluids contain sodium and potassium or when foods with these electrolytes are consumed along with the fluid. Make potassium rich foods a regular part of your diet including:

Avocado
Bananas
Dried apricots
Citrus fruits
Lemonade
Orange juice
Tomato juice

Hiking Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Assess your hydration by looking for these signs:

Low volumes of dark, concentrated urine, or painful urination
Rapid heart rate
Weakness
Excessive fatigue
Dizziness

Continuing to hike in a dehydrated state can lead to serious consequences including heat stroke, muscle breakdown, and kidney failure.

Bring sun protection, like a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen. Consider wearing long, lightweight sleeves to protect you from the sun and help keep your body cool. This will help you enjoy your hike and enjoy the memories.

Did I mention water? Don’t get caught without enough to keep you hydrated throughout your hike—you need water for the return trip, too. Bring salty snacks or electrolyte tablets to help stay alert, too. Bananas, granola, dried apricots, and peanut butter are all great options.

Hiking along the Creole Nature Trail, Louisiana *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Why hydration is important

Around 70 percent of the body is made up of water and it is vital for essential bodily functions and biochemical processes. We lose water through urine, breathing out water vapor, and through sweat.

Why is this so important when we’re hiking? When we hike the body uses water as a coolant. The body’s temperature rises, triggering the body’s cooling mechanism and signalling to the brain to increase sweat production to help prevent overheating. As a consequence, blood volume drops, less blood returns back to the heart, the heart pumps out less blood, and less oxygen returns back to the working muscles. This results in an increased heart rate, onset of fatigue, loss of energy, and eventually exhaustion.

Hiking Padre Island National Seashore, Texas *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Research shows that a loss of fluid equating to 1-2 percent of bodyweight while exercising can impact significantly on ones ability to continue on the trail. And it doesn’t stop there. Progressive dehydration can eventually lead to cramps, headaches, and nausea, heat exhaustion, and eventually to potentially fatal heatstroke.

This makes it important to replace lost fluids as quickly as possible and ensure you’re properly hydrated before, during, and after your hike.

The best way to hike is to be smart, be prepared, and check in with yourself.

Every trail can be your favorite if you have a great time.

Hiking along the Blue Ridge Parkway, North Carolina *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

The role of sports drinks

When we sweat, we don’t only lose water. We also lose electrolytes including chloride, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium and at the same time, glycogen stores become depleted. Sports drinks contain differing levels of fluid, electrolytes, and carbohydrates and are optimised to effectively replenish these supplies during and after exercise.

When and how often should I be drinking?

There’s no cut and dried or easy answer to this. How much you’ll need to hydrate on your hike depends on a number of factors including age, gender, amount you sweat, temperature, intensity, and distance. That said, there are some basic guidelines you can follow:

If you wait until during your hike to think about hydration, you’re on a straight path to becoming dehydrated. Nor is gulping down water an hour before your hike ideal—your gut can only absorb so much water and you’ll end up heading out bloated and uncomfortable—not to mention making needing a bathroom break more likely during your hike.

Instead, aim to stay continuously hydrated as part of your day to day lifestyle. For most people that means drinking around 1.5 to 2 litres of water daily (around 6 glasses of water).

Worth Pondering…

—A. A. Milne, Winnie-the-Pooh

How to Hike Safely During Arizona Summers

Water, water, water! The magical liquid that keeps us alive!

Arizona is known for many things like hiking, beautiful scenery, wildlife, and history.

However, during the summer months it’s known for one thing: heat.

“It’s very serious,” said Arizona Fire and Medical Authority Division Chief Ashley Losch. “It will kill you if you aren’t paying attention to the signs.”

Hiking Boyce Thompson Arboretum State Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Last year, Arizona saw the highest number of heat-related deaths in some time so as temperatures start to rise, so does concern for safety.

Heat-related emergencies can creep up quickly so it can be life-saving to know when there’s a problem.

We get used to being outside and enjoying the nice weather and it hits you out of nowhere. Complacency is a problem when it comes to heat.

Heat exhaustion can cause dizziness, excessive sweating, nausea/vomiting, and/or cool and clammy, pale skin.

And that’s time to get inside, sit down, and drink some water. Don’t chug the water though, take small sips.

Hiking Canyon de Chelly National Monument *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Heat stroke is much more serious. Signs include severe headache, confusion, and a change in behavior. The body also stops sweating and will feel hot to the touch (heat stroke can present itself when the body reaches at least 103 degrees). If the person is in an altered state, don’t give them water; instead call 911 to get help on the way.

Get them inside, cooled down, and that means active cooling. So, ice packs in the groin, armpits and something behind the neck. Maybe even a cool compress on the head.

Every minute counts. Every minute your body is above that critical temperature it’s causing damage—damage to your kidneys, damage to your liver, your brain.

Hiking Catalina State Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Staying hydrated is one of the most important things someone can do during the scorching temperatures. How much to drink depends on the person, so experts say a good rule of thumb is to drink when thirsty.

Even better is to drink constantly throughout the day (as much as you can) and if you’re headed outside, be sure to hydrate before, during, and after.

Phoenix has already experienced its first 100-degree day and temperatures are going to keep climbing. Here are some tips from Arizona State Parks on staying safe on the trail.

>> Related article: Excessive Heat Warnings: Safety Tips for RVers

Hiking is one of Arizona’s most popular weekend activities. But the days are getting longer—and hotter. Every year, over 200 hikers are rescued from Phoenix alone, according to Arizona State Parks and Trails (ASPT).

But there are numerous ways to get out on the trails and enjoy Arizona’s gorgeous summers without becoming one of those hikers in distress.

Hiking North Mountain Park near Casa Grande *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Hydration is a journey, not a destination

I can’t stress this one enough: Always bring more water than you think you’ll need!

You should be drinking water before, during, and after a hike, according to ASPT. You may not feel like you’re sweating a lot because of the dry weather but you’ll be losing water even faster in the heat.

“When you’ve finished half of your water supply, it’s time to turn around—no matter where you are on a trail,” the department said.

Hiking Fountain Hills *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

How much to drink?

How much you need to drink depends on a number of factors such as the activity you’re doing, intensity level, duration, weather, your age, your sweat rate, and your body type. A good general recommendation is about one pint (16 fl. oz.) of water per hour of moderate activity in moderate temperatures. You may need to increase how much you drink as the temperature and intensity of the activity rise. For example, strenuous hiking in high heat may require that you drink one quart (32 fl.oz.) of water or more per hour. As you gain experience, you’ll be able to fine-tune how much you drink.

Hiking Old Baldy Trail at Madera Canyon *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Preventing Dehydration

Dehydration occurs when the loss of body fluids usually through sweating exceeds the amount taken in. If you don’t counteract this by drinking water, you risk becoming dehydrated.

>> Related article: Heat Alert: The Hidden Symptoms of Extreme Heat

The following early signs of dehydration are a tipoff that your fluid intake is insufficient:

Dry mouth
Decrease in energy

Hiking Montezuma Well *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

More serious symptoms of dehydration:

Cramps
Headaches
Nausea
The umbles (stumbling, mumbling, grumbling, and fumbling)
Dark or brightly colored urine with less volume (Note that certain foods and drinks like those containing B12 vitamins can cause urine to be bright yellow so urine color isn’t as reliable as other symptoms)

The remedy for dehydration is simple: Drink water. Drink the moment you feel thirsty. Try to take frequent sips of water rather than chugging large amounts after your thirst grows intense.

So know what to look for and stay on top of your hydration game!

Hiking Picacho Peak State Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Plan ahead and gear up

Hydration tips

Drink often: Rather than chugging water infrequently take many smaller sips to continually hydrate.

Don’t forget to snack: When you sweat, you lose electrolytes which can sap your energy. If your activity lasts for only an hour or less, this usually isn’t an issue but when you’re out for longer it’s important to compensate for the loss. Snack foods with sodium and potassium can help as will foods with calcium and magnesium. For an extended, high-intensity activity, also consider bringing an electrolyte replacement sports drink.

Hiking Petrified Forest National Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Drink more at altitude: Doing any activity at higher altitude can lead to dehydration. You’re less likely to crave water and feel thirsty at higher elevations so it’s important to drink frequently.

Rehydrate: Drinking after exercise gets your fluid levels back to normal and can help with recovery. This can be as simple as drinking a glass of water when you get home or if you want to get scientific about it, drink 16–24 fl. oz. of water for every pound you lost while exercising.

Plan your route: Water weighs a lot (16 fl. oz. is just over a pound), so if you want to avoid carrying extra weight on a run or bike ride, plan a route that will take you by a water fountain where you can drink or refill a bottle. Another option is to use your car like an aid station and plan an outing that does loops from your vehicle. You can stop at your car to refill a water bottle and grab a quick snack.

Wear sun protection: Getting a sunburn can expedite dehydration, so lather up with sunscreen and wear sun-protection clothing before heading out.

Set a timer: If you tend to lose track of the last time you drank set a timer on your watch to sound an alarm about every 20 minutes as a reminder to take a sip.

Know where you’re going

Before you hike, make sure you have all of your trail maps and guides downloaded or printed.

>> Related article: Stay Safe this Summer by Using These Outdoor Heat Hacks

You can find plenty of trail information at AZStateParks.com/Arizona-Hiking or third-party organizations like AllTrails or Gaia GPS. When you’re heading out, it’s a good idea to take a GPS with you and make sure your phone is fully charged.

Keep an eye on emergency alerts. The National Weather Service will issue a heat warning if the temperature poses a threat.

Hiking Red Rock State Park *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

And if you’re hiking alone, tell someone you know where you’re going and how long you expect to be gone.

And make sure you have the right gear. Here are a few things to consider:

Wise-brimmed hat
Sunglasses
Sunscreen
Long lightweight sleeves
Light-colored, moisture-wicking, breathable clothing
Sturdy, comfortable footwear
Insect repellent
Salty snacks
Plenty of water

Hiking Paralta Trail *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

Know your limits

As so many people like to say: It’s a dry heat. And I would add, so is an oven! And that dry heat will sneak up on you. Make sure you know the warning signs of heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

Heat exhaustion can cause dizziness, excessive sweating, nausea, and vomiting as well as cool and clammy, pale skin.

Heat stroke which is much more serious can cause severe headaches, confusion, and changes in behavior. A person suffering from heat stroke will stop sweating and feel hot to the touch.

At that point, it’s time to call 911.

Hiking Ramsey Canyon *© Rex Vogel, all rights reserved*

But it’s always best to avoid the problem entirely. There’s no shame in calling off a hike and turning around!

During a hike, check in with yourself and see how you’re doing. How are your energy levels? Do you still have enough water? What’s the temperature?

Questions like those are the key to having a fun-filled weekend on Arizona’s beautiful trails.

As ASPT puts it, “Every trail can be your favorite if you have a great time.”

Worth Pondering…

—A. A. Milne, Winnie-the-Pooh