The Lut Desert in Iran, Al-Azizia in Libya, and Mitribah in Kuwait are some of the hottest places on earth with the highest temperatures ever recorded. The US also features numerous sizzling areas culminating in Death Valley National Park, considered the hottest place in the world for its record highs of 129 °F (in 2024) and 134°F (in 1913).
The closest metropolis to that below-sea-level basin, Las Vegas, isn’t the nation’s hottest city, though it’s in the top five. That designation belongs to Phoenix, the capital of Arizona.
Phoenix is the fifth-largest city in the United States and the hottest metropolis. It seamlessly borders a string of suburbs, some of them as large as other major US cities sprawling over the Valley of the Sun, an area as measured by the US Census of some 14,568 square miles.
People live through the heat. They work. They recreate and socialize.
They do this, if they are fortunate, by adapting. They get any outdoor exercise routines done early, right around sunrise. They seek out shaded parking spots. They meet friends inside air-conditioned restaurants and bars.
How hot does it get there, exactly, and what are the causes and implications of Phoenix’s scorching temperatures? Plus, what kind of activities would shield visitors from the scorching sun?

Phoenix is the hottest city in the US
The Arizona capital city boasts countless activities for all tastes but suffers from excessive heat
Dallas, Tucson, and Fresno are a few of the hottest places in the US in the summer but Phoenix, Arizona’s most populated city tops the list.
This multicultural, perpetually sunny city is not only famous for its hot desert climate and scenic hiking trails. Phoenix also boasts exciting indoor and outdoor attractions and activities from luxurious resorts and spas to specialty museums, arts events, comedy shows, wine tasting, and the popular, 140-acre Desert Botanical Garden.
Still, for all its charm, Phoenix features mostly clear skies year-round with dry summers and cool winters. According to Weather Spark, temperatures generally range from 45°F to 107°F throughout the seasons and rarely drop below 37°F. The hottest period roughly lasts from May 28 to September 19 with temperatures that often climb above 98°F.
Note: The high for June 6 and July 5, 2024 in Phoenix was 113°F and 118°F, respectively
- Total area: 519.28 sq mi
- Elevation: 1,086 feet
- Population: 1,662,607
- Average high temperature in July: 106°F
- Average low temperature in July: 85°F
- Number of days per year when temperature climbs to at least 100 °F: 111
- Number of days per year when temperature climbs to at least 90 °F: 173
- Clearest month: June
- Month with the least rain: June
- Longest day: June 20 (14 hours, 22 minutes of daylight)

Causes and consequences of these extreme temperatures in Phoenix
Why is Phoenix getting so hot and how does it affect residents?
Phoenix’s average high temperatures have been consistently high during summer months with most days reaching at least 99°F from June through August. Based on data from 1991 to 2020, the average high temperatures for each month show a steady pattern indicating that the current temperatures are similar to those from ten years ago. For instance, the average high in June is 92°F, in July it is 95°F, and in August it is 93°F. These figures reflect the ongoing trend of extremely hot summers in Phoenix.
Phoenix is categorized as an urban heat island, i.e., a developed area where buildings and infrastructure absorb and reflect heat even more than its surrounding natural elements. Miles of dark and hard surfaces and population density are at fault here not to mention that less vegetation means less evaporative cooling.
To make matters worse, it’s not really that much cooler at night. Round-the-clock heat creates serious health risks especially for seniors, says Dr. Nick Staab, assistant medical director for Maricopa County Public Health.
It just doesn’t give the body enough time to recover from those really high temperatures that we experience during the day.
Staab’s department analyzed five years worth of local hospital records and found 150 percent more heat-related illnesses reported when low temperatures were in the 90s compared to days with lows in the 80s.
Phoenix for years has used libraries and public buildings as cooling centers in hot months to give vulnerable people places to get out of the heat.
- Heat-related deaths in Maricopa County in 2024: 339
- Heat-related deaths in Phoenix in 2023: 645
- Heat-related deaths in Phoenix in 2022: 425

Heat Relief Network
The Heat Relief Network is a regional partnership of the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG), municipalities, nonprofit organizations, the faith-based community, and businesses. Each year, MAG coordinates the mapping of the Heat Relief Network, a network of partners providing water, cooling, and donation sites throughout the Valley with the goal of preventing heat-related illnesses and deaths among vulnerable populations. The map and directories are updated as new partners sign up throughout the summer season which runs May 1 to September 30.
Tip: Read up on the locations of the Heat Relief Network. Remember to stay hydrated, wear sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat, and minimize sun exposure.

How Phoenix is working to beat urban heat
An urban heat island effect poses a major health challenge to the city
Extreme heat is one of the leading causes of weather-related deaths in the US. City-dwellers are particularly vulnerable because asphalt and metal absorb and then release the sun’s energy creating the urban heat island effect that magnifies heat waves.
Shade trees are the most natural solution. In a desert city like Phoenix that might mean planting mostly drought-tolerant native trees that cast light, lacy shadows—and interspersing them with leafier, thirsty trees where people can congregate. Phoenix is ramping up efforts to meet a 20-year goal set in 2010 of achieving 25 percent tree canopy coverage which will reduce temperatures nearly 8 degrees compared with bare areas.
Architects are contemplating a return to traditional materials such as adobe as well as courtyards featuring evaporative cooling towers and trees which together could cool buildings by up to 30 degrees. Solar panels could also be positioned over parking lots where they would shield sizzling blacktop and prevent cars from turning into mobile furnaces.
Some Phoenix parking lots have been covered with pale, pervious pavement that has the texture of a Rice Krispies treat. It allows stormwater to seep in and heat to escape at night reducing surface temperatures by 27 degrees compared with asphalt.

Tips for cooling down in Phoenix
Fortunately, there are plenty of fun things to do in Phoenix to beat the heat
Arizona offers some of the most sweltering, deadly hikes from Bright Angel to Picacho Peak. Though there are both challenging and laid-back routes around Phoenix, visiting them is not recommended in excessive heat.
Whether you’re used to the heat or not, everyone needs to find refuge. Below are some tips for cooling down in Phoenix and other desert regions in Arizona.

Cooling down activities in Phoenix
Phoenix offers several activities to help you cool down during the hot summer months. You can visit water parks like Sunsplash in Mesa which offers thrill rides, a lazy river, and evening hours.
Ice skating is another option as there are several rinks in the Phoenix area including Great Skate in Glendale and Skateland in Mesa.
For a change of scenery and cooler temperatures consider a day trip to Prescott which is about 1.5 hours away and has average summer temperatures in the low-mid 80s. Flagstaff, a 2+ hour drive from Phoenix offers a significant escape from the heat with temperatures rarely exceeding mid-80s and often in the mid-upper 70s.
You can also find indoor activities in Phoenix such as visiting the Arizona Science Center which is air-conditioned and offers various exhibits. The Downtown Phoenix area has several cool places to visit including The Nash, a jazz venue recognized as one of the “Great Jazz Venues in the World”.
For a refreshing treat, you can visit ice cream spots like Creamistry, Handel’s Home Made Ice Cream (see photo below), or The Baked Bear in Scottsdale or enjoy frozen yogurt at various locations in the Valley.

Pools are also a great way to cool off.
There are 16 pools in Phoenix open all season long and an additional two pools, one in June and one in July, for a total of 18 pools this summer. Find a pool near you.
Lastly, if you’re looking for a more natural setting, consider visiting the Desert Botanical Garden which features diverse wildlife and a butterfly pavilion or take a scenic drive to Oak Creek, known for its cooler temperatures and scenic beauty.
- Arizona Science Center: Offers various exhibits and is air-conditioned providing a cool environment to explore
- Heard Museum: The internationally acclaimed Heard Museum is one of the best places to experience the myriad cultures and art of American Indians of the Southwest
- Children’s Museum of Phoenix: The Children’s Museum of Phoenix is one of the top three children’s museums in the US known for its imaginative and inspiring environment
- The Musical Instrument Museum: The largest museum of its kind in the world featuring over 15,000 musical instruments and associated objects from nearly 200 countries and territories
- The Nash: A jazz venue recognized as one of the “Great Jazz Venues in the World”
- Creamistry and The Baked Bear: Ice cream spots in Scottsdale that offer a refreshing treat
- Desert Botanical Garden: Features diverse wildlife, a butterfly pavilion, and cooler temperatures.
- Oak Creek: A scenic drive destination known for its cooler temperatures and natural beauty
- Prescott: A day trip destination with average summer temperatures in the low-mid 80s
- Flagstaff: Offers a significant escape from the heat with temperatures rarely exceeding mid-80s
- Great Skate in Glendale and Skateland in Mesa: Ice skating rinks that provide a cool indoor activity

Water activities:
- Tubing/kayaking on the Salt River
- Head to a lake (Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Saguaro Lake, Canyon Lake, Apache Lake, Roosevelt Lake, Bartlett Lake)
- Take a moonlight hike
- Take a dip at a water park
- Pray for a monsoon
Worth Pondering…
It’s a sure sign of summer if the chair gets up when you do.
—Walter Winchell










































































































